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1.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 18: eRC5831, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1133760

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 became a pandemic in early 2020. It was found, at first, that the main manifestations of this new virus occur through respiratory and constitutional symptoms. Therefore, chest tomography was elected as the best imaging test to assess the extent of pulmonary involvement and as a good prognostic predictor for the disease. However, as new studies were produced, the gastrointestinal involvement of COVID-19 becomes more evident, with reports from patients who manifested mainly or only gastrointestinal symptoms in the course of the disease. Thus, in some cases, the initial investigation is carried out at the emergency department with an abdominal computed tomography. We report a case series of ten patients who came to the emergency department of our institution with a chief gastrointestinal complaint, and were initially submitted to an abdominal computed tomography as the first investigation. Although most of the patients did not have significant changes in the abdominal images, most reported patients had pulmonary findings visualized at the lung bases, which were later designated as typical COVID-19 pulmonary findings on chest computed tomography. Only one patient had atypical COVID-19 lung changes on chest computed tomography. All patients had a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction for COVID-19. It is imperative to alert radiologists, especially abdominal radiologists, with the possibility of COVID-19 isolated gastrointestinal symptoms. Besides, it must become a habit to radiologists to assess the pulmonary basis on abdominal scans, a site commonly affected by the new coronavirus.


RESUMO A COVID-19 foi declarada uma pandemia no início de 2020. Constatou-se, inicialmente, que as principais manifestações desse novo vírus ocorrem por meio de sintomas respiratórios e constitucionais. A tomografia do tórax foi eleita o exame de imagem para avaliar a extensão do comprometimento pulmonar e como um fator preditivo do prognóstico para a doença. No entanto, à medida que novos estudos são produzidos, o envolvimento gastrointestinal da COVID-19 torna-se mais evidente, com relatos de pacientes que manifestaram principalmente ou apenas sintomas gastrointestinais no decorrer da doença. Em alguns casos, a investigação inicial é realizada no pronto-socorro, com tomografia computadorizada do abdome. Relatamos uma série de casos de dez pacientes que compareceram ao serviço de emergência da instituição com uma queixa principal gastrointestinal e foram submetidos inicialmente a uma tomografia computadorizada de abdome como primeira investigação. Embora a maioria dos pacientes não tenha apresentado alterações significativas nas imagens abdominais, eles apresentaram achados pulmonares visualizados nas bases pulmonares, que depois foram caracterizadas como achados pulmonares típicos de COVID-19 nas tomografias de tórax subsequentes. Apenas um paciente apresentou achados atípicos para COVID-19 na tomografia. Todos os pacientes tiveram reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real positiva para o novo coronavírus. É muito importante alertar os radiologistas, principalmente os radiologistas abdominais, da possibilidade de sintomas gastrointestinais isolados no contexto da COVID-19. Além disso, deve ser um hábito para todos os radiologistas avaliar as bases pulmonares nas tomografias de abdome, local comumente afetado pela COVID-19.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Abdominal Pain/diagnostic imaging , Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis , Coronavirus/isolation & purification , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Coronavirus/genetics , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Pandemics , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 Testing , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19
2.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 52(1): 50-54, Jan-Mar/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-746478

ABSTRACT

Background Determination of fecal calprotectin can provide an important guidance for the physician, also in primary care, in the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders, meanly between inflammatory bowel diseases and irritable bowel syndrome. Objectives The aims of the present study were to prospectively investigate, in Brazilian adults with gastrointestinal complaints, the value of fecal calprotectin as a biomarker for the differential diagnosis between functional and organic disorders and to correlate the concentrations with the activity of inflammatory bowel diseases. Methods The study included consecutive patients who had gastrointestinal complaints in which the measurement levels of fecal calprotectin were recommended. Fecal calprotectin was measured using a Bühlmann (Basel, Switzerland) ELISA kit Results A total of 279 patients were included in the study, with median age of 39 years (range, 18 to 78 years). After clinical and laboratorial evaluation and considering the final diagnosis, patients were allocated into the following groups: a) Irritable Bowel Syndrome: 154 patients (102 female and 52 male subjects). b) Inflammatory Bowel Diseases group: 112 patients; 73 with Crohn’s disease; 38 female and 35 male patients; 52.1% (38/73) presented active disease, and 47.9% (35/73) had disease in remission and 39 patients with ulcerative colitis;19 female and 20 male patients; 48.7% (19/39) classified with active disease and 49.3% (20/39) with disease in remission. A significant difference (P<0.001) was observed between the median value of fecal calprotectin in Irritable Bowel Syndrome group that was 50.5 µg/g (IQR=16 - 294 µg/g); 405 µg/g (IQR=29 - 1980 µg/g) in Crohn’s disease patients and 457 µg/g (IQR=25 - 1430 µg/g) in ulcerative colitis patients. No difference was observed between the values found in the patients with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Levels of fecal calprotectin were significantly ...


Contexto A calprotectina fecal é um biomarcador que pode fornecer informações importantes para o médico, inclusive no atendimento primário, no diagnóstico diferencial de distúrbios gastrointestinais, principalmente as doenças inflamatórias intestinais e a síndrome do intestino irritável. Objetivos Investigar prospectivamente, em adultos brasileiros com queixas gastrointestinais, o valor da calprotectina fecal como biomarcador para o diagnóstico diferencial de distúrbios funcionais e orgânicos e correlacionar as concentrações com a atividade de doenças inflamatórias intestinais. Método O estudo incluiu pacientes consecutivos que apresentavam queixas gastrointestinais e que a dosagem da calprotectina fecal foi recomendada. A dosagem da calprotectina fecal foi obtida utilizando-se o kit ELISA Buhlmann, (Basel, Suiça). Resultados Um total de 279 foram incluídos no estudo, com idade média de 39 anos (variando entre 18 a 78 anos). Após avaliação clínica e laboratorial, e considerando o diagnóstico final, os pacientes foram alocados nos seguintes grupos: a) Grupo Síndrome do Intestino Irritável: 154 pacientes (102 do sexo feminino e 52 indivíduos do sexo masculino). b) grupo Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais: 112 pacientes; 73 com doença de Crohn; 38 do sexo feminino e 35 pacientes do sexo masculino; 52,1% (38/73) apresentavam doença ativa, e 47,9% (35/73) tiveram a doença em remissão e 39 pacientes com retocolite ulcerativa; 19 do sexo feminino e 20 pacientes do sexo masculino; 48,7% (19/39) classificadas com a doença ativa e 49,3% (20/39) com a doença em remissão. Foi observada uma diferença significativa (P<0,001) entre o valor médio de calprotectina fecal no grupo Síndrome do Intestino Irritável que foi de 50,5 µg/g (16 a 294 µg/g); 405 µg/g (29 a 1980 µg/g), em pacientes com doença de Crohn e 457 µg/g (25 a1430 µg/g), em pacientes com retocolite ulcerativa. Não foram observadas diferenças entre os valores encontrados nos pacientes com ...


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Feces/chemistry , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/diagnosis , Irritable Bowel Syndrome/diagnosis , Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex/analysis , Brazil , Biomarkers/analysis , Diagnosis, Differential , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Prospective Studies
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